Rafael Souza or Rafael Sousa may refer to:

• Rafa Sousa (born 1988), Portuguese footballer
• Rafael Afonso de Sousa (born 1900), Portuguese modern pentathlete and shooter
• Rafael de Souza (basketball) (born 1988), basketball player in Brazil national basketball team
• Rafael de Souza (canoeist) in 2015 Canoe Slalom World Cup
• Rafael de Souza (futsal) in 2014 AFC Futsal Club Championship
• Rafael Diego de Souza (born 1986), Brazilian footballer
• Rafael Galhardo de Souza (born 1991), Brazilian footballer
• Rafael Sousa (Portuguese cyclist), Portuguese cyclo-cross cyclist