Carlos Castaño Panadero (born 7 May 1979) is a retired Spanish cyclist. He had his best achievements in track cycling, in the 4000 m team pursuit. In this discipline he won a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and at the 2004 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. He finished in 12th place in the individual pursuit at the 2004 Olympics.

In road races, he won two stages of Vuelta a Burgos in 2005, finishing third overall. In 2006 he won one stage of Volta a Catalunya.