Jean “Henri” Gauban, (11 September 1874 – 10 February 1958) was a French track and road racing cyclist. He is most known for participating in several editions of the Tour de France, including the inaugural 1903 Tour.

He was the father of cyclist Henri Gauban (1899–1989).

In 1906, he was disqualified for taking a train along with three other riders. Even in his 60s, he made headlines again by sneaking into a stage of the Tour de France that passed near his home, before being stopped by police motorcyclists.

In the 1907 Tour de France, he was a teammate of Henri Pépin and played an important role.

In track cycling he rode as teammates with Achille Germain, winning the second prize at the Six Days of Toulouse.

In 1952 he was awarded the gold Medal for Youth, Sports and Community Involvement Go